Redigerer Verdensby

[[Fil:PalaceOfWestminsterAtNight.jpg|thumb|[[London]]]]
[[Fil:NYC Manhattan from Empire State Building 2003.jpg|thumb|[[New York]]]]
'''Verdensby''' er en alminnelig betegnelse for en by som spiller en sentral rolle innen global [[kultur]] og [[økonomi]].

Generelt anses{{av hvem}} [[New York]], [[London]], [[Tokyo]] og [[Paris]] for å være de fire dominerende verdensbyene. Deretter kommer «sekundære» verdensbyer som [[Hongkong]], [[Singapore]], [[Milano]],{{tvilsomt}} [[Berlin]], [[Toronto]],{{tvilsomt}} [[Chicago]],{{tvilsomt}} [[Los Angeles]] med flere.{{tr}}

Kjennetegn ved en verdensby er dens rolle innenfor forskjellige deler av samfunnet; at det er statlige myndigheter i byen,{{tr}} store internasjonale virksomheter, børser, storbanker og internasjonale organisasjoner.

== Kåringer siden 2019 ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! By
! GaWC
2020<ref name="gawc2020">{{Cite web|title=GaWC - Globalization and World Cities|url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html|url-status=yes|website=www.lboro.ac.uk|access-date=2021-06-08|archive-date=2020-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824031341/https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html}}</ref>
! Mori
2020<ref name="gpci2020">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/ius2/gpci2/2020.shtml|title=Global Power City Index 2020|website=The Mori Memorial Foundation}}</ref>
! A.T. Kearney
2020<ref name="kearney2020">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kearney.com/global-cities/2020|title=Read @Kearney: 2020 Global Cities Index: New priorities for a new world|website=www.kearney.com}}</ref>
! Global City Lab
2020<ref name="globalcitylab2020">{{Cite web|url=http://globalcitylab.com/us-index.html|title=Global City Lab|website=globalcitylab.com|access-date=2021-06-08|archive-date=2020-09-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200902164607/http://globalcitylab.com/us-index.html|url-status=yes}}</ref>
! ING Global
2019<ref name="ing2019">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ing-media.com/features/the-worlds-most-talked-about-cities|title=The World's Most Talked About Cities|website=ING Media - Property PR {{!}} Architecture PR {{!}} Strategic communications for the BUILT ENVIRONMENT|language=en-US|access-date=23. desember 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223121445/https://www.ing-media.com/features/the-worlds-most-talked-about-cities|archive-date=23. desember 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
! ING Most Talked
2019<ref name="ing2019"/>
! CASS&UNHSP
2019<ref name="unhabitat2019">{{Cite web|url=https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/10/global_urban_competitiveness_report_2019-2020_the_world_300_years_of_transformation_into_city.pdf|title=Global Urban Competitiveness Report (2019-2020)}}</ref>
! Knight Frank
2021<ref name="knightfrank2020">{{Cite web|url=https://www.knightfrank.com/research/article/2021-03-01-city-wealth-index-2020-where-do-the-wealthy-want-to-live|title=City Wealth Index 2020: where do the wealthy want to live?|website=Knight Frank|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310073549if_/https://www.knightfrank.com/research/article/2021-03-01-city-wealth-index-2020-where-do-the-wealthy-want-to-live|archive-date=10. mars 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
! Schroder
2021
! Resonance
2021<ref name="bestcities2021">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bestcities.org/rankings/worlds-best-cities/|title=The World's Best Cities|website=Best Cities}}</ref>
|-
|'''{{flagicon|GBR}} London'''
|1
|1
|2
|3
|1
|3
|2
|1
|1
|1
|-
|'''{{flagicon|USA}} New York'''
|2
|2
|1
|1
|3
|2
|1
|1
|5
|2
|-
|'''{{flagicon|FRA}} Paris'''
|8
|4
|3
|4
|6
|4
|21
|3
|4
|3
|-
|'''{{flagicon|Japan}} Tokyo'''
|9
|3
|4
|2
|2
|1
|6
|4
|
|5
|-
|'''{{flagicon|SGP}} Singapore'''
|4
|5
|9
|6
|4
|18
|3
|8
|11
|7
|-
|'''{{flagicon|USA}} Los Angeles'''
|11
|12
|7
|7
|17
|15
|9
|6
|14
|9
|-
|'''{{flagicon|HKG}} Hong Kong'''
|3
|9
|6
|10
|7
|13
|13
|5
|6
|42
|-
|'''{{flagicon|CHN}} Beijing'''
|6
|15
|5
|13
|13
|19
|17
|11
|25
|26
|-
|'''{{flagicon|USA}} Chicago'''
|19
|25
|8
|19
|29
|14
|20
|6
|
|12
|-
|'''{{flagicon|USA}} San Francisco'''
|38
|24
|13
|12
|8
|28
|7
|
|2
|14
|-
|'''{{flagicon|Canada}} Toronto'''
|12
|18
|19
|8
|16
|22
|30
|17
|7
|13
|-
|'''{{flagicon|CHN}} Shanghai'''
|5
|10
|12
|11
|14
|23
|10
|14
|28
|73
|-
|'''{{flagicon|AUS}} Sydney'''
|10
|11
|11
|5
|15
|36
|63
|
|13
|25
|-
|'''{{flagicon|RUS}} Moscow'''
|22
|30
|20
|21
|24
|11
|62
|
|
|4
|-
|'''{{flagicon|USA}} Boston'''
|44
|27
|21
|29
|35
|26
|16
|16
|3
|35
|-
|'''{{flagicon|NED}} Amsterdam'''
|14
|6
|23
|18
|12
|30
|93
|10
|
|17
|-
|'''{{flagicon|KOR}} Seoul'''
|26
|8
|17
|17
|9
|9
|15
| 
|
|24
|-
|'''{{flagicon|DEU}} Berlin'''
|58
|7
|15
|9
|5
|17
|48
|12
|
|18
|-
|'''{{flagicon|UAE}} Dubai'''
|7
|17
|27
|49
|18
|6
|72
| 
|
|6
|-
|'''{{flagicon|TUR}} Istanbul'''
|30
|34
|34
|23
|23
|12
|41
| 
|
|21
|}

== Listen til ''Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC)''==
{{trenger oppdatering}}
I 1999 offentliggjorde ''Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network (GaWC)'' på [[Loughborough University]] i Storbritannia en liste over verdensbyer i økonomisk forstand, på bakgrunn av deres betydning på ulike områder: Bokføring, reklame, bankvesen og adokatvesen.<ref>{{Kilde www
| url = http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb5.html
| tittel = GaWC Research Bulletin 5
| utgiver = GaWC, Loughborough University
| dato = 28. juli 1999
| språk = engelsk
| besøksdato = 2008-05-14
| arkiv-dato = 2011-09-07
| arkiv-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110907121035/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb5.html
| url-status = yes
}}</ref> For hvert av de fire tjenesteytende områdene ble det fastslått sentre og tildelt poeng. Ledende sentre fikk tre poeng, større sentre to poeng og mindre sentre et poeng. Poengene ble lagt sammen for hver by. Den oppdaterte lista fra 2010 er som følger:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2010|work=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network|publisher=[[Loughborough University]]|accessdate=2011-10-20|archive-date=2011-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924125643/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html|url-status=yes}}</ref>

;Alpha-verdensbyer
* Alpha++
:[[London]], [[New York]]

* Alpha+
:[[Chicago]], [[Dubai]], [[Hongkong]], [[Paris]], [[Shanghai]], [[Singapore]], [[Sydney]] og [[Tokyo]]

* Alpha
:[[Amsterdam]], [[Beijing]], [[Brussel]], [[Buenos Aires]], [[Frankfurt am Main|Frankfurt]], [[Jakarta]], [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Madrid]], [[Mexico by]], [[Milano]], [[Moskva]], [[Mumbai]], [[San Francisco]], [[São Paulo]], [[Seoul]], [[Toronto]] og [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]

* Alpha–
:[[Atlanta]], [[Bangkok]], [[Barcelona]], [[Boston]], [[Dallas]], [[Dublin]], [[Istanbul]], [[Johannesburg]], [[Lisboa]], [[Melbourne]], [[Miami]], [[München]], [[New Delhi]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]], [[Taipei]], [[Warszawa]],[[Wien]] og [[Zürich]]

;Beta-verdensbyer
* Beta+
:[[Athen]], [[Bangalore]], [[Berlin]], [[Bogotá]], [[Kairo]], [[København]], [[Düsseldorf]], [[Hamburg]], [[Houston]], [[Manila]], [[Montréal]], [[Praha]], [[Roma]], [[Stockholm]], [[Tel Aviv]] og [[Vancouver]]

* Beta
:[[Auckland]], [[Beirut]], [[București]], [[Budapest]], [[Cape Town]], [[Caracas]], [[Chennai]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Ho Chi Minh-byen]], [[Karachi]], [[Kiev]], [[Lima]], [[Luxembourg by|Luxembourg]], [[Manchester]], [[Minneapolis]], [[Montevideo]], [[Oslo]], [[Riyadh]] og [[Seattle]]

* Beta−
:[[Abu Dhabi]], [[Birmingham]], [[Bratislava]], [[Brisbane]], [[Kolkata]], [[Calgary]], [[Casablanca]], [[Cleveland]], [[Köln]], [[Denver]], [[Detroit]], [[Genève]], [[Guatemala by]], [[Helsingfors]], [[Lagos]], [[Manama]], [[Monterrey]], [[Nikosia]], [[Osaka]], [[Panama by]], [[Perth (Australia)|Perth]], [[Port Louis]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[San Diego]], [[San Juan (Puerto Rico)|San Juan]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Sofia]], [[St. Louis]] og [[Stuttgart]]

;Gamma-verdensbyer
* Gamma+
:[[Adelaide]], [[Amman]], [[Antwerpen]], [[Baltimore]], [[Beograd]], [[Bristol]], [[Charlotte (Nord-Carolina)|Charlotte]], [[Cincinnati]], [[Doha]], [[Edinburgh]], [[Glasgow]], [[Hanoi]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Jidda]], [[Kuwait by]], [[Lahore]], [[Nairobi]], [[Portland (Oregon)|Portland]], [[Riga]], [[San José]], [[San Jose]], [[Tunis]] og [[Zagreb]]

* Gamma
:[[Almaty]], [[Columbus (Ohio)|Columbus]], [[Edmonton]], [[Guadalajara]], [[Indianapolis]], [[Kansas City]], [[Leeds]], [[Lyon]], [[Phoenix]], [[Pittsburgh]], [[Quito]], [[Rotterdam]], [[San Salvador]], [[Santo Domingo]], [[St. Petersburg]], [[Tampa]], [[Valencia]] og [[Vilnius]]

* Gamma−
:[[Accra]], [[Austin]], [[Belfast]], [[Colombo]], [[Curitiba]], [[Durban]], [[George Town (Caymanøyene)|George Town]], [[Göteborg]], [[Guayaquil]], [[Islamabad]], [[Ljubljana]], [[Marseille]], [[Milwaukee]], [[Muskat (Oman)|Muskat]], [[Nagoya]], [[Orlando]], [[Ottawa]], [[Porto]], [[Porto Alegre]], [[Pune]], [[Richmond (Virginia)|Richmond]], [[Southampton]], [[Tallinn]], [[Tegucigalpa]], [[Torino]] og [[Wellington]]

== Referanser ==
<references/>

== Eksterne lenker ==
* [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/ Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network] (GaWC) {{Språkikon|engelsk|engelsk}}

{{Autoritetsdata}}

[[Kategori:Byplanlegging]]