Redigerer Baykar Bayraktar TB2

{{Infoboks fly|name=Baykar Bayraktar TB2|bilde=[[Fil:Bayraktar TB2 Runway.jpg|300px]]|type=drone|lengde=6,5|vingespenn=12|høyde=2,2|vektutenlast=420|vektmedlast=700|første-flyvning=2014|hovedbrukere=Tyrkia|maksfart=220|motorer=1 x Rotax 912|rekkevidde=300|bildetekst=Drone i Tyrkias luftvåpen.}}
'''Bayraktar TB2''' er en [[drone]] som fabrikkeres av den tyrkiske virksomheten [[Baykar]]. Bayraktar TB2 er konstruert for [[rekognosering]], og kan også utrustes med angrepsvåpen. Dronen har lang rekkevidde, og kan styres fra bakken i sanntid eller forhåndsprogrammeres.<ref>{{cite web|title = Bayraktar TB2|url = https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=1679|website = Military Factory|access-date = 2020-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140513/DEFREG01/305130028/Turkey-Steadily-Builds-UAV-Capabilities |archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20140518114024/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140513/DEFREG01/305130028/Turkey-Steadily-Builds-UAV-Capabilities |url-status = dead |archive-date = 2014-05-18 |title = Turkey Steadily Builds UAV Capabilities |date = 13. mai 2014|access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref><ref name="hurriyet-gear">{{cite web|url = http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkeys-unmanned-ambitions-shift-up-gear.aspx?PageID=238&NID=67292&NewsCatID=348|title = Turkey's unmanned ambitions shift up gear|date = 6. mars 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140819103113/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkeys-unmanned-ambitions-shift-up-gear.aspx?PageID=238&NID=67292&NewsCatID=348 |archive-date = 2014-08-19 |url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Kilde www|url=http://www.military-today.com/aircraft/bayraktar_tb2.htm|tittel=Bayraktar TB2 Unamnned Aerial Combat Vehicle {{!}} Military-Today.com|besøksdato=2022-04-16|verk=www.military-today.com}}</ref>

Både tyrkiske og utenlandske eksperter har rost våpensystemets egenskaper.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Defence Secretary's speech on defence reform|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/defence-secretarys-speech-on-defence-reform|access-date=2021-04-26|website=GOV.UK|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=5. april 2021|title=Droning On in the Middle East|url=https://www.americanpurpose.com/blog/fukuyama/droning-on/|access-date=2021-04-26|website=American Purpose|language=en}}</ref> Bayraktar TB2 ble benyttet med suksess under [[Nagorno-Karabakh-krigen (2020)|krigen i Nagorno-Karabakh]] i 2020 og er også blitt anvendt med suksess av de ukrainske styrker mot den russiske hær under [[Russlands invasjon av Ukraina 2022|Russlands invasjon av Ukraina i 2022]], hvor adskillige panserkjøretøyer er blitt ødelagt av systemet.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine credits Turkish drones with eviscerating Russian tanks and armor in their first use in a major conflict |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-hypes-bayraktar-drone-as-videos-show-destroyed-russia-tanks-2022-2|date=28. februar 2022|website=Business Insider}}</ref>

==Utvikling==
[[File:Bayraktar-TB2-draw.svg|thumb|Tegning av Bayraktar TB2]]
Utviklingen av Bayraktar TB2 er blitt forsinket av et amerikansk forbud mot eksport av deler til programmet på grunn av frykt for at våpensystemet vil bli anvendt mot [[kurdere]] i og utenfor Tyrkia.<ref name="GuardianRevealed">{{cite news|date=27. november 2019|title=Revealed: how UK technology fuelled Turkey's rise to global drone power|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/nov/27/revealed-uk-technology-turkey-rise-global-drone-power|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

Bayraktar TB2 er en videreutvikling av Bayraktar TB1, som første gang ble levert til den tyrkiske hær i 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-dergi.tubitak.gov.tr/edergi/yazi.pdf?dergiKodu=4&cilt=44&sayi=719&sayfa=42&yaziid=31057|title=Bayraktar Caldiran UAV|website=E-dergi.tubitak.gov.tr |access-date=2022-01-12}}</ref> TB2 fløy første gang i august 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.haber7.com/guncel/haber/1708923-milli-ihaya-yerli-fuze-takildi |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20180618002750/http://www.haber7.com/guncel/haber/1708923-milli-ihaya-yerli-fuze-takildi |url-status=dead|title=Milli İHA'ya yerli füze takıldı!|archivedate=18. juni 2018|website=Haber7}}</ref> Ifølge den britiske avis ''[[The Guardian]]'' er TB2s våpensystemer utviklet blant annet basert på britisk våpenteknologi,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/nov/27/revealed-uk-technology-turkey-rise-global-drone-power|title=Revealed: how UK technology fuelled Turkey's rise to global drone power|first1=Dan|last1=Sabbagh|first2=Bethan|last2=McKernan|date=27. november 2019|website=Theguardian.com}}</ref> hvilket imidlertid er benektet fra tyrkisk side.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ahvalnews.com/drones/turkish-drone-maker-slams-guardian-report-it-used-british-technology|title=Turkish drone maker slams Guardian report it used British technology|date=28. november 2019|website=Ahval|accessdate=2022-03-15|archivedate=2021-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515122729/https://ahvalnews.com/drones/turkish-drone-maker-slams-guardian-report-it-used-british-technology|url-status=yes}}</ref> Flere rapporter dokumenterer dog at TB2 anvender et britisk&shy;produsert våpensystem.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2020/11/12/turkeys-defence-industry-grows-with-western-help/|title=Turkey's Defence Industry Grows, with Western Help|date=12. november 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/edo_mbm_technology_ltd_export_li|title=EDO MBM Technology Ltd Export licence end users – a Freedom of Information request to Department for International Trade|date=29. juni 2020|website=WhatDoTheyKnow.com}}</ref>

I 2020 ble det konstatert at TB2 også benytter canadisk teknologi ([[Wescam]] CMX-15D), da armenske styrker nedskjøt en TB2 under konflikten med [[Aserbajdsjan]]. Eksporten av det canadiske system ble heretter stoppet,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sevunts |first1=Levon  |title=Armenia claims it found Canadian tech on downed Turkish drone |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/armenia-turkey-azerbaijan-nagorno-karabakh-drone-champagne-1.5770144|website=cbc.ca |date=20. oktober 2020}}</ref> og Tyrkia valgte en annen leverandør.<ref name="Turkish defense industry moving on despite embargoes">{{cite web |url= https://www.aa.com.tr/en/azerbaijan-front-line/turkish-defense-industry-moving-on-despite-embargoes/1997685#|title = Turkish defense industry moving on despite embargoes
|publisher= Anadolu Agency
|access-date= 2020-10-24}}</ref><ref name="Wescam satışını durdurdu">{{cite web |url= https://tolgaozbek.com/savunma/kanada-turkiyeye-wescam-satisini-durdurdu/|title = Wescam satışını durdurdu
|publisher= Tolgaozbek
|language=tr
|access-date= 2020-10-24}}</ref><ref name="SSB İsmail Demir: SİHA’larımızın CATS kameraları seri üretime geçiyor">{{cite web |url= https://www.defenceturk.net/ssb-ismail-demir-sihalarimizin-cats-kameralari-seri-uretime-geciyor
|title= SSB İsmail Demir: SİHA'larımızın CATS kameraları seri üretime geçiyor
|date= 6. oktober 2020
|publisher= Defence Turk
|language=tr
|access-date= 2020-10-24}}</ref><ref name=guardian-20201229>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/29/uk-defence-secretary-hails-azerbaijans-use-of-drones-in-conflict |title=UK wants new drones in wake of Azerbaijan military success |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |newspaper=The Guardian |date=29. desember 2020 |access-date=2020-12-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/business/defense/turkish-army-receives-new-bayraktar-tb2s-with-local-electro-optical-system|title = Turkish army receives new Bayraktar TB2s with local electro-optical system|website = [[Daily Sabah]]|date = 6. februar 2022}}</ref>

Baykar har videreutviklet TB2 til en oppgradert version, TB3.

== Operasjonell anvendelse ==
[[File:Bayraktar Tactical UAS GCS.JPG|thumb|Bakkebasert kontrollstasjon til våpensystemet Bayraktar TB2]]
TB2 benyttes av det tyrkiske forsvaret og har vært anvendt i kamp mot kurdiske styrker i Irak og Syria.<ref name="Turkey's Bayraktar TB2 drones enable swift, precise victory against YPG/PKK in Syria's Afrin">{{cite web |url= https://www.dailysabah.com/war-on-terror/2018/04/19/turkeys-bayraktar-tb2-drones-enable-swift-precise-victory-against-ypgpkk-in-syrias-afrin|title = Turkey's Bayraktar TB2 drones enable swift, precise victory against YPG/PKK in Syria's Afrin |date = 19. april 2018 |publisher= Daily Sabah |access-date= 2020-10-28}}</ref><ref name="Battle for Idlib: Turkey's drones and a new way of war">{{cite web |url= https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2020/3/3/battle-for-idlib-turkeys-drones-and-a-new-way-of-war |title = Battle for Idlib: Turkey's drones and a new way of war |publisher= Al Jazeera |access-date= 2020-10-28}}</ref><ref name="TURKEY’S DRONE WAR IN SYRIA – A RED TEAM VIEW">{{cite web |url= https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/turkeys-drone-war-syria-red-team-view|title = Turkey's Drone War in Syria – A Red Team View |publisher= Small Wars Journal |access-date= 2020-10-28}}</ref><ref name="GuardianRevealed" />

Tyrkia har videre benyttet TB2 med stor suksess mot syriske regjeringsstyrker under [[Borgerkrigen i Syria|krigen i Syria]].<ref name="sabahdamage">{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/business/defense/damage-caused-to-assad-regime-assets-demonstrates-turkeys-high-uav-capabilities |title=Damage caused to Assad regime assets demonstrates Turkey's high UAV capabilities |website=dailysabah.com|date=1. mars 2020}}</ref><ref name="bloomberswarm">{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-01/turkey-s-killer-drone-swarm-poses-syria-air-challenge-to-putin |title=Turkey's Killer Drone Swarm Poses Syria Air Challenge to Putin |agency=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=1. mars 2020}}</ref><ref name="Karnozov 2020">{{cite web | last=Karnozov | first=Vladimir | title=Fighter-bombers and Anka UAVs Downed as Turkey and Syria Exchange Blows | website=Aviation International News | date=2. mars 2020 | url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2020-03-02/fighter-bombers-and-anka-uavs-downed-turkey-and-syria-exchange-blows | access-date=2020-03-09 | archive-date=2020-03-10 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200310144551/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2020-03-02/fighter-bombers-and-anka-uavs-downed-turkey-and-syria-exchange-blows | url-status=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defenseworld.net/news/26447/Ten_Hezbollah__Syrian_Army_Commanders_Killed_in_Turkish_Drone_Strikes#.XmQdE6hKiUk|title=Ten Hezbollah, Syrian Army Commanders Killed in Turkish Drone Strikes|website=defenseworld.net|date=3. mars 2020|url-status=yes}}</ref><ref name="Gatopoulos 2020">{{cite web | last=Gatopoulos | first=Alex | title=Battle for Idlib: Turkey's drones and a new way of war | website=Al Jazeera | date=3. mars 2020 | url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/battle-idlib-turkey-drones-war-200303170724302.html | access-date=2020-03-09}}</ref><ref name="Petkova 2020">{{cite web | last=Petkova | first=Mariya | title=Turkish drones – a 'game changer' in Idlib | website=Al Jazeera | date=2. mars 2020 | url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/turkish-drones-game-changer-idlib-200302182621318.html | access-date=2020-03-09}}</ref> I løpet av én uke med angrep på syriske militærkjøretøyer klarte TB2-ene å ødelegge 73 syriske panserkjøretøyer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Syrian Regime's Combat Losses in Spring 2020, and What Lies Ahead|url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/syrian-regimes-combat-losses-spring-2020-and-what-lies-ahead|access-date=2020-10-18|website=Middle East Institute|language=en}}</ref> 

TB2 ble også mye brukt av den libyske regjeringen under borgerkrigen i landet.<ref>{{cite news|title=As Libya marks 64th independence anniversary, UN envoy urges unity behind new Government|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=52902#.VuSLC_krLIW|work=United Nations|date=24. desember 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127183615/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=52902#.VuSLs_krLIX|archive-date=2016-01-27}}</ref><ref name="UNSCreport">{{cite web| url=https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/S_2019_914.pdf |title=Letter dated 29 November 2019 from the Panel of Experts on Libya established pursuant to resolution 1973 (2011) addressed to the President of the Security Council |work=United Nations Security Council|date=9. desember 2019|quote=p.32  The Panel is aware that two Bayraktar TB2 UCAVs were destroyed by HAF air strikes against the Misrata air academy on 6 and 7 June 2019, with a third shot down by HAF on 30 June 2019, but combat losses have reportedly been much higher}}</ref><ref name="Air & Cosmos International">{{cite web|url=https://www.aircosmosinternational.com/article/libya-drones-test-laboratory-for-a-new-type-of-air-warfare-2613|title=Libya:Drone test laboratory for a new type of air warfare|work=Air & Cosmos International|date=15. november 2019|access-date=2021-03-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.africanmilitaryblog.com/2019/06/libya-turkish-made-bayraktar-tb2-uav-seen-at-the-gna-held-airbase|title=Libya: Turkish-made Bayraktar TB2 UAV seen at the GNA-held airbase|date=11. juni 2019|website=Military Africa|publisher=Military Africa|access-date=2019-06-11|archive-date=2020-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010002527/https://www.africanmilitaryblog.com/2019/06/libya-turkish-made-bayraktar-tb2-uav-seen-at-the-gna-held-airbase|url-status=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://avia.pro/news/rossiyskie-zrpk-pancir-s-sbili-v-livii-47-tureckih-dronov-bayraktar-tb2?utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fzen.yandex.com|title=Российские ЗРПК "Панцирь-С" сбили в Ливии 47 турецких дронов Bayraktar TB2|language=ru|website=Avia.pro|date=30. desember 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://baomoi.com/47-chiec-bayraktar-tb2-cua-tho-nhi-ky-da-bi-he-thong-ten-lua-phong-khong-pantsir-s1-cua-nga-ban-ha-o-lybia/c/38176757.epi| title=47 chiếc Bayraktar TB2 của Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ đã bị hệ thống tên lửa phòng không Pantsir-S1 của Nga bắn hạ ở Lybia|work=[[Báo Mới]]|date=7. mars 2021|language=vietnamese}}</ref>

[[File:Bayraktar TB2 at 2020 Victory Parade in Baku.jpg|thumb|Bayraktar TB2 under seiersparade i [[Baku]] i 2020.]]
TB2 blev benyttet med stor suksess under Aserbajdsjans konflikt med Armenien i 2020, hvor TB2-våpensystemet ble vurdert som en av de vesentligste årsaker til Aserbajdsjans seier i konflikten.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/armenia-azerbaijan-conflict-turkey-drones |title=Turkish armed drones used against Armenia, Azerbaijan confirms|publisher=[[Middle East Eye]]| date=5. oktober 2020| access-date =2020-10-11}}</ref><ref name="Everything We Know About The Fighting That Has Erupted Between Armenia And Azerbaijan">{{cite web |url= https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/36777/everything-we-know-about-the-fighting-that-has-erupted-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan|title = Everything We Know About The Fighting That Has Erupted Between Armenia And Azerbaijan|publisher= The Drive |access-date= 2020-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bayraktar TB2 Armed UAVs operated by the Azerbaijan Air Force have destroyed 2 more Armenian Smerch MLRS platform
|url=https://cybershafarat.com/2020/10/30/bayraktar-tb2-armed-uavs-destroy-2-armenian-smerch-mlrs/ |website= Cybershafarat
|access-date=2020-11-01}}</ref> 

I januar 2019 kjøpte Ukrainas hær 12 tyrkiske Bayraktar TB2 og tre kontrollstasjoner til en samlet verdi av 69 millioner [[Amerikansk dollar|dollar]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thedefensepost.com/2019/01/12/ukraine-turkey-bayraktar-tb2-drones/|title=Ukraine signs agreement to procure Turkish Bayraktar TB2 drones |date=12. januar 2019|website=The Defense Post|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115185431/https://thedefensepost.com/2019/01/12/ukraine-turkey-bayraktar-tb2-drones/|archive-date=2019-01-15 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/defense/2019/01/12/ukraine-turkey-have-signed-deal-for-12-bayraktar-tb2-uavs-poroshenko-says|title=Ukraine, Turkey have signed deal for 12 Bayraktar TB2 UAVs, Poroshenko says|date=12. januar 2019|website=[[Daily Sabah]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113122430/https://www.dailysabah.com/defense/2019/01/12/ukraine-turkey-have-signed-deal-for-12-bayraktar-tb2-uavs-poroshenko-says|archive-date=2019-01-13|url-status=live}}</ref> Ukraina mottok de første TB2-ene i mars 2019<ref name="auto">{{cite web |last1=Sariibrahimoglu |first1=Lale |title=Ukraine receives Bayraktar armed UAVs from Turkey |url=https://www.janes.com/article/87135/ukraine-receives-bayraktar-armed-uavs-from-turkey |website=Jane's 360 |access-date=2019-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311212735/https://www.janes.com/article/87135/ukraine-receives-bayraktar-armed-uavs-from-turkey |archive-date=2019-03-11 |location=Ankara |date=11. mars 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27. november 2020|title=Ukraine to buy 5 more Turkish Bayraktar TB2 drones in 2021 |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/business/defense/ukraine-to-buy-5-more-turkish-bayraktar-tb2-drones-in-2021|access-date=2021-04-19 |website=Daily Sabah|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Axe|first=David |date=9. april 2021 |title=Ukraine Might Field A Drone Strike Force—And It Could Knock Out Russian Tanks|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2021/04/09/ukraine-might-field-a-drone-strike-force-and-it-could-knock-out-russian-tanks/|access-date=2021-04-19|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> og etter vellykkede tester ble det bestilt ytterligere TB2-er til levering i 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ukrainian Navy to receive Turkey's Bayraktar TB2 UAVs this year|url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-defense/3178827-ukrainian-navy-to-receive-turkeys-bayraktar-tb2-uavs-this-year.html|access-date=2021-04-19 |website=Ukrinform.net|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ukrainian Navy Will Receive Turkish Bayraktar TB2 Drones This Year |website=Thedefensepost.com |url=https://www.thedefensepost.com/2021/01/28/ukraine-to-receive-bayraktar-tb2-drones/ |date=28. januar 2021 |access-date=2021-04-19|language=en-US}}</ref>.

Under [[Russlands invasjon av Ukraina 2022|Russlands invasjon av Ukraina i 2022]] benyttet Ukraina med suksess TB2-er mot russiske panserstyrker og forsyningsenheter.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine Says It Used Turkish-Made Drones to Hit Russian Targets |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/russia-ukraine-latest-news-2022-02-26/card/ukraine-says-it-uses-turkish-made-drones-to-hit-russian-targets-DrigGO7vkGfDzbBuncnA|date=27. februar 2022|website=Wall Street Journal}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine credits Turkish drones with eviscerating Russian tanks and armor in their first use in a major conflict |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-hypes-bayraktar-drone-as-videos-show-destroyed-russia-tanks-2022-2|date=28. februar 2022|website=Business Insider}}</ref>

Under [[Krigen i Tigray|konflikten]] i [[Tigray (region)|Tigray]] har også [[Etiopia]] benyttet TB2-våpensystemer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2021/12/10/how-armed-drones-may-have-helped-turn-tide-in-ethiopia-conflict|title=How armed drones may have helped turn the tide in Ethiopia's war|first=Alex|last=Gatopoulos|website=Aljazeera.com|access-date=2022-01-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/04/ethiopia-turkey-pact-fuels-speculation-about-drone-use-in-tigray-war|title=Ethiopia-Turkey pact fuels speculation about drone use in Tigray war|date=4. november 2021|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=2022-01-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eritreahub.org/ethiopia-the-drone-identification-plate-pointing-to-turkish-drones-being-used-in-tigray|title=Ethiopia: The drone identification plate pointing to Turkish drones being used in Tigray|first=Martin|last=Plaut|website=Eritreahub.org|date=4. oktober 2021|access-date=2022-01-12|archive-date=2022-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111113956/https://eritreahub.org/ethiopia-the-drone-identification-plate-pointing-to-turkish-drones-being-used-in-tigray|url-status=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2022/ethiopia-tigray-dedebit-drone-strike/|title=How Ethiopia used a Turkish drone in a strike that killed nearly 60 civilians|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=7. februar 2022|quote=Weapon remnants recovered from the site of the strike by aid workers showed internal components and screw configurations that matched images of Turkish-made MAM-L munitions released by the weapons manufacturer. The MAM-L pairs exclusively with the Turkish-made TB-2 drone.}}</ref>

==Referanser==
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==Eksterne lenker==
* {{Offisielt nettsted}}

{{Autoritetsdata}}
[[Kategori:Tyrkiske militære droner]]
[[Kategori:Den russisk-ukrainske krig]]