Redigerer Bulimia nervosa (avsnitt)

== Epidemiologi ==
Det er lite data om utbredelsen av bulimia nervosa i den generelle befolkningen. De fleste studier gjennomført så langt har vært på utvalg av pasienter på sykehus, elever på videregående skole eller studenter. Disse har gitt et bredt spekter av resultater: mellom 0,1 % og 1,4 % hos menn, og mellom 0,3 % og 9,4 % hos kvinner.<ref name="makino">{{cite journal |author=Makino M, Tsuboi K, Dennerstein L |title=Prevalence of eating disorders: a comparison of Western and non-Western countries |journal=MedGenMed |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=49 |year=2004 |pmid=15520673 |pmc=1435625 |url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/487413}}</ref> Studier av tidstrender i utbredelsen av bulimia nervosa har også gitt inkonsistente resultater.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hay PJ, Mond J, Buttner P, Darby A |title=Eating disorder behaviors are increasing: findings from two sequential community surveys in South Australia |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=e1541 |year=2008 |pmid=18253489 |pmc=2212110 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0001541}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Land
! År
! Utvalgsstørrelse og -type
! colspan="2"| Insidens
|-
|  [[Australia]] 
|  2008 
|  1943 ungdommer (alder 15-17) 
|  1,0 % menn 
|  6,4 % kvinner<ref name="patton">{{cite journal |author=Patton GC, Coffey C, Carlin JB, Sanci L, Sawyer S |title=Prognosis of adolescent partial syndromes of eating disorder |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=192 |issue=4 |pages=294–9 |year=2008 |month=april |pmid=18378993 |doi=10.1192/bjp.bp.106.031112}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Portugal]] 
|  2006 
|  2028 elever ved videregående skole 
|  
|  0,3 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Machado PP, Machado BC, Gonçalves S, Hoek HW |title=The prevalence of eating disorders not otherwise specified |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-eating-disorders_2007-04_40_3/page/212 |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=212–7 |year=2007 |month=april |pmid=17173324 |doi=10.1002/eat.20358}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Brasil]] 
|  2004 
|  1807 elever (fra 7-19) 
|  0,8 % menn 
|  1,3 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vilela JE, Lamounier JA, Dellaretti Filho MA, Barros Neto JR, Horta GM |title=Transtornos alimentares em escolares |trans_title=Eating disorders in school children |language=portugisisk |journal=Jornal De Pediatria |volume=80 |issue=1 |pages=49–54 |year=2004 |pmid=14978549 |doi=10.1590/S0021-75572004000100010}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Spania]] 
|  2004 
|  2509 unge kvinner (alder 13-22) 
|  
|  1,4 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lahortiga-Ramos F, De Irala-Estévez J, Cano-Prous A, Gual-García P, Martínez-González MA, Cervera-Enguix S |title=Incidence of eating disorders in Navarra (Spain) |journal=European Psychiatry |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=179–85 |year=2005 |month=mars |pmid=15797704 |doi=10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.07.008}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Ungarn]] 
|  2003 
|  580 [[Budapest]]s innbyggere 
|  0,4 % menn 
|  3,6 % kvinner<ref name="Tölgyes">{{cite journal |author=Tölgyes T, Nemessury J |title=Epidemiological studies on adverse dieting behaviours and eating disorders among young people in Hungary |journal=Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology |volume=39 |issue=8 |pages=647–54 |year=2004 |month=august |pmid=15300375 |doi=10.1007/s00127-004-0783-z}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Australia]] 
|  1998 
|  4200 elever ved videregående skole 
|  align="center" colspan="2"| 0,3 % kombinerte<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hay P |title=The epidemiology of eating disorder behaviors: an Australian community-based survey |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-eating-disorders_1998-05_23_4/page/371 |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=371–82 |year=1998 |month=mai |pmid=9561427 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199805)23:4<371::AID-EAT4>3.0.CO;2-F}}</ref>
|-
|  USA 
|  1996 
|  1152 studenter 
|  0,2 % menn 
|  1,3 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pemberton AR, Vernon SW, Lee ES |title=Prevalence and correlates of bulimia nervosa and bulimic behaviors in a racially diverse sample of undergraduate students in two universities in southeast Texas |journal=American Journal of Epidemiology |volume=144 |issue=5 |pages=450–5 |year=1996 |month=september |pmid=8781459 |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8781459}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Norge]] 
|  1995 
|  19 067 psykiatriske pasienter 
|  0,7 % menn 
|  7,3 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Götestam KG, Eriksen L, Hagen H |title=An epidemiological study of eating disorders in Norwegian psychiatric institutions |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-eating-disorders_1995-11_18_3/page/263 |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=263–8 |year=1995 |month=november |pmid=8556022 |doi=10.1002/1098-108X(199511)18:3<263::AID-EAT2260180308>3.0.CO;2-O}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Canada]] 
|  1995 
|  8116 (tilfeldig utvalg) 
|  0,1 % menn 
|  1,1 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Garfinkel PE, Lin E, Goering P, ''et al.'' |title=Bulimia nervosa in a Canadian community sample: prevalence and comparison of subgroups |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=152 |issue=7 |pages=1052–8 |year=1995 |month=juli |pmid=7793442 |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7793442}}</ref>
|-
|  [[Japan]] 
|  1995 
|  2597 elever ved videregående skole 
|  0,7% menn 
|  1,9 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Suzuki K, Takeda A, Matsushita S |title=Coprevalence of bulimia with alcohol abuse and smoking among Japanese male and female high school students |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-addiction_1995-07_90_7/page/971 |journal=Addiction |volume=90 |issue=7 |pages=971–5 |year=1995 |month=juli |pmid=7663319 |doi=10.1111/j.1360-0443.1995.tb03506.x}}</ref>
|-
|  USA 
|  1992 
|  799 studenter 
|  0,4 % menn 
|  5,1 % kvinner<ref>{{cite journal |author=Heatherton TF, Nichols P, Mahamedi F, Keel P |title=Body weight, dieting, and eating disorder symptoms among college students, 1982 to 1992 |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=152 |issue=11 |pages=1623–9 |year=1995 |month=november |pmid=7485625 |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7485625}}</ref>
|}

Det er høyere forekomst av spiseforstyrrelser i grupper som er involvert i aktiviteter som idealiserer en slank kroppsbygning, som dans,<ref name="Tölgyes"/> gymnastikk, moteoppvisning, "cheerleading", løping, drama, roing og kunstløp. Bulimi er mer utbredt blant [[Den kaukasoide rase|hvite]] enn i andre befolkningsgrupper.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Franko DL, Becker AE, Thomas JJ, Herzog DB |title=Cross-ethnic differences in eating disorder symptoms and related distress |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-eating-disorders_2007-03_40_2/page/156 |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=156–64 |year=2007 |month=mars |pmid=17080449 |doi=10.1002/eat.20341}}</ref> Eksponering for massemedia synes å ha en effekt: en undersøkelse av 15-18 årige skolejenter i Nadroga på [[Fiji]] fant at selvrapportert forekomst av selvrensing økte fra 0 % i 1995 (et par uker etter innføringen av fjernsyn i provinsen) til 11,3 % i 1998.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Becker AE, Burwell RA, Gilman SE, Herzog DB, Hamburg P |title=Eating behaviours and attitudes following prolonged exposure to television among ethnic Fijian adolescent girls |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=180 |issue= |pages=509–14 |year=2002 |month=juni |pmid=12042229 |doi=10.1192/bjp.180.6.509}}</ref>