Redigerer Langtidseffekter av alkohol (avsnitt)

===Revmatoid artritt (leddgikt)===
Regelmessig inntak av alkohol er forbundet med økt risiko for urinsyregikt<ref>{{cite journal |author=Star VL, Hochberg MC |title=Prevention and management of gout |journal=Drugs |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=212–22 |year=1993 |month=February |pmid=7681372 |doi= 10.2165/00003495-199345020-00004|url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Eggebeen AT |title=Gout: an update |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=76 |issue=6 |pages=801–8 |year=2007 |month=September |pmid=17910294 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Men alkoholforbruk er forbundet med redusert risiko for revmatoid artritt.<ref>{{kilde www|url=http://arc.org.uk/arthinfo/patpubs/6033/6033.asp |tittel=Arkivert kopi |besøksdato=2008-06-18 |url-status=død |arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613202734/http://www.arc.org.uk/arthinfo/patpubs/6033/6033.asp |arkivdato=2008-06-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Myllykangas-Luosujärvi R, Aho K, Kautiainen H, Hakala M |title=Reduced incidence of alcohol related deaths in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis |journal=Ann Rheum Dis. |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=75–6 |year=2000 |month=January |pmid=10627433 |pmc=1752983 |url=http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10627433 |doi=10.1136/ard.59.1.75}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Nagata C, Fujita S, Iwata H, ''et al.'' |title=Systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control epidemiologic study in Japan |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-dermatology_1995-05_34_5/page/333 |journal=Int J Dermatol. |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=333–7 |year=1995 |month=May |pmid=7607794 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-4362.1995.tb03614.x }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Aho K, Heliövaara M |title=Alcohol, androgens and arthritis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-the-rheumatic-diseases_1993-12_52_12/page/897 |journal=Ann Rheum Dis. |volume=52 |issue=12 |pages=897 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8311545 |pmc=1005228 |doi=10.1136/ard.52.12.897-b }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Hardy CJ, Palmer BP, Muir KR, Sutton AJ, Powell RJ |title=Smoking history, alcohol consumption, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study |journal=Ann Rheum Dis. |volume=57 |issue=8 |pages=451–5 |year=1998 |month=August |pmid=9797548 |pmc=1752721 |url=http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/57/8/451 |doi=10.1136/ard.57.8.451}}</ref> To nyere studier rapporterer at jo mer alkohol som konsumeres, desto lavere er risikoen for å utvikle revmatoid artritt. Blant de som drakk regelmessig, vil den fjerdedelen som drakk mest, ha opp til 50 % mindre sannsynlighet for å utvikle sykdommen i forhold til den halvparten som drakk minst.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Källberg H, Jacobsen S, Bengtsson C, ''et al.'' |title=Alcohol consumption is associated with decreased risk of rheumatoid arthritis; Results from two Scandinavian case-control studies |journal=Ann Rheum Dis. |year=2008 |month=July |pmid=18535114 |pmc=2937278 |doi=10.1136/ard.2007.086314 |volume=68 |pages=222 |issue=2 }}</ref>

Forskerne merket seg at moderat alkoholforbruk også reduserer risikoen for andre inflammatoriske prosesser som hjerte- og karsykdom.

En studie konkluderte med at «enten beskytter alkohol mot revmatoid artritt (RA), eller så reduserer personer med RA drikkingen etter manifestasjon av RA».<ref>{{cite journal |author=Myllykangas-Luosujärvi R, Aho K, Kautiainen H, Hakala M |title=Reduced incidence of alcohol related deaths in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis |journal=Ann Rheum Dis. |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=75–6 |year=2000 |month=January |pmid=10627433 |pmc=1752983 |url=http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/59/1/75 |doi=10.1136/ard.59.1.75}}</ref> En annen studie fant at «postmenopausale kvinner som i gjennomsnitt drakk mer enn 14 alkoholholdige drinker per uke hadde redusert risiko for revmatoid artritt...»<ref>{{cite journal |author=Voigt LF, Koepsell TD, Nelson JL, Dugowson CE, Daling JR |title=Smoking, obesity, alcohol consumption, and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis |journal=Epidemiology |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=525–32 |year=1994 |month=September |pmid=7986867 }}</ref>