Redigerer Venus (avsnitt)

== Noter og referanser ==
;Noter
{{Løpenummer|lower-alpha}}
<references group="lower-alpha">
<!-- Sortert alfabetisk etter<ref name=""> -->

<ref name="inklinasjon" group="lower-alpha">3,39471° mot [[ekliptikken]], 3,86° mot solens ekvator og 2.19° mot det konstante planet</ref>

<ref name="Kvinnelig" group="lower-alpha">Gudinner som [[Gaia]] og [[Tellus (gudinne)|Tellus]] ble oppkalt etter [[jorden]] og ikke motsatt.</ref>

<ref name="engel" group="lower-alpha">[[Hieronymus]] oversatte [[septuaginta]] ''heosphoros'' og hebraisk ''helel'' som ''lucifer'', i [[Jesajaboken]] 14:12.</ref>
</references>

;Litteraturhenvisninger
<references group="L">
<!-- Sortert alfabetisk etter<ref name=""> -->

<ref name="Bailay2007" group="L">[[#Bailey|Bailey]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;93&ndash;94</ref>

<ref name="Bakich2000" group="L">[[#Bakich|Bakich]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;50</ref>

<ref name="behari_frawley03" group="L">[[#Behari|Behari]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;65&ndash;74</ref>

<ref name="Bhalla2006" group="L">[[#Bhalla|Bhalla]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;29</ref>

<ref name="Cattermole1997" group="L">[[#Cattermole|Cattermole]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;9</ref>

<ref name="Charles" group="L">[[#Charles|Charles]]</ref>

<ref name="Crump1992" group="L">[[#Crump|Crump]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;39&ndash;40</ref>

<ref name="Davis2005" group="L">[[#Davis|Davis]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;489</ref>

<ref name="De Groot1912" group="L">[[#De Groot|De Groot]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;300</ref>

<ref name="Dick2001" group="L">[[#Dick|Dick]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;43</ref>

<ref name="Faure2007" group="L">[[#Faure|Faure og Mensing]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;210</ref>

<ref name="Fox1916" group="L">[[#Fox|Fox]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;247</ref>

<ref name="Greeley2007" group="L">[[#Greeley|Greeley]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;47</ref>

<ref name="Greene1999" group="L">[[#Greene|Greene]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;54</ref>

<ref name="Guillemin1878" group="L">[[#Guillemin|Guillemin]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;67</ref>

<ref name="Harwood2002" group="L">[[#Harwood|Harwood]]</ref>


<ref name="Hulbert1909" group="L">[[#Hulbert|Hulbert]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;426</ref>

<ref name="Karttunen2007" group="L">[[#Karttunen|Karttunen]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;162</ref>

<ref name="Kaufmann" group="L">[[#Kaufmann|Kaufmann]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;204</ref>

<ref name="Lewis2004" group="L">[[#Lewis|Lewis]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;463</ref>

<ref name="Lopes2004" group="L">[[#Lopes|Lopes og Gregg]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;61</ref>

<ref name="Luhmann1997" group="L">[[#Luhmann|Luhmann]]</ref>

<ref name="MacKenzie2005" group="L">[[#MacKenzie|MacKenzie]]</ref>

<ref name="Manned Venus Flyby" group="L">[[#Feldman|Feldman]]</ref>

<ref name="Meador2000" group="L">[[#Meador|Meador]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;15</ref>

<ref name="miller2003" group="L">[[#Miller|Miller]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;12</ref>

<ref name="Moin1992" group="L">[[#Moin|Moin]]</ref>

<ref name="Morrison2003" group="L">[[#Morrison|Morrison]]</ref>

<ref name="Pliny the Elder1991" group="L">[[#Pliny the Elder|Pliny the Elder]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;15&ndash;16</ref>

<ref name="Powel1930" group="L">[[#Powell|Powell]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;33</ref>

<ref name="Razaullah Ansari2002" group="L">[[#Razaullah Ansari|Razaullah Ansari]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;137</ref>

<ref name="Rees2002" group="L">[[#Rees|Rees]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;112</ref>

<ref name="Seed2005" group="L">[[#Seed|Seed]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;134&ndash;35</ref>

<ref name="Sharer2005" group="L">[[#Sharer|Sharer]]</ref>

<ref name="Van Pelt2006" group="L">[[#Van Pelt|Van Pelt]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;186&ndash;189</ref>

<ref name="Waerden1974" group="L">[[#Waerden|Waerden]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;56</ref>

<ref name="weltfish1965" group="L">[[#Weltfish|Weltfish]]&nbsp;s.&nbsp;117</ref>
</references>

;Tidsskriftsartikler, nettutgivelser o.l.
<references>
<!-- Sortert alfabetisk etter<ref name=""> -->

<ref name="Anonymous">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Anonymous|tittel=Galileo: the Telescope & the Laws of Dynamics|verk=Astronomy 161; The Solar System|utgiver=Department Physics & Astronomy, University of Tennessee|url=http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/galileo.html|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Basilevsky1995">{{Cite journal|author=Basilevsky, Alexander T.; Head, James W., III|title=Global stratigraphy of Venus: Analysis of a random sample of thirty-six test areas|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-moon-and-planets_1995_66_3/page/285|year=1995|journal=Earth, Moon, and Planets|volume=66|issue=3|pages=285–336|bibcode=1995EM&P...66..285B|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Batson1991">{{Cite conference|author=Batson, R.M.; Russell J. F.|title=Naming the Newly Found Landforms on Venus|booktitle=Procedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XXII|date=18.–22. mars 1991|location=Houston, Texas|page=65|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc1991/pdf/1033.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2011-06-28|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Baum2000">{{Cite journal|last=Baum|first=R. M.|year=2000|title=The enigmatic ashen light of Venus: an overview|journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association|volume=110|page=325|bibcode=2000JBAA..110..325B|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="BepiColombo">{{Kilde www|tittel=BepiColombo|verk=ESA Spacecraft Operations|url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Operations/SEMYRMQJNVE_0.html|besøksdato=2011-07-08|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Bortman2004">{{Kilde www|tittel=Was Venus Alive? 'The Signs are Probably There'|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/venus_life_040826.html|verk=space.com|forfatter=Bortman, Henry|utgivelsesår=2004|besøksdato=2011-06-29|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Boyce">{{Kilde www|forfatter=[[Mary Boyce|Boyce, Mary]] |tittel=ANAHID |verk=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |utgiver=Senter for iranske studier, Columbia University |url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite |besøksdato=2011-07-20 |arkiv_url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501175915/http://www.iranica.com/newsite |arkivdato=2008-05-01 |språk=engelsk |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="Britannica">{{Kilde www|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9048817/Mikhail-Vasilyevich-Lomonosov|verk=Britannica online encyclopedia|utgiver=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc|tittel=Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Bullock2001">{{Cite journal|author=Bullock, Mark A.; Grinspoon, David H.|title=The Recent Evolution of Climate on Venus|journal=Icarus|volume=150|issue=1|month=mars|year=2001|pages=19–37|doi=10.1006/icar.2000.6570|bibcode=2001Icar..150...19B|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Campbell1976">{{Cite journal|author=Campbell, D. B.; Dyce, R. B.; Pettengill G. H.|year=1976|title=New radar image of Venus|journal=Science|volume=193|doi=10.1126/science.193.4258.1123|pages=1123–1124|pmid=17792750|issue=4258|bibcode = 1976Sci...193.1123C|language=englsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Carter">{{Kilde www|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Rml3-We52ewC&pg=PA359&dq=Jimmy+Carter+%2B+UFO+%2B+Venus&hl=no&ei=u2lyTtXZB8Pssga35bn4Bg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Jimmy%20Carter%20%2B%20UFO%20%2B%20Venus&f=false|tittel=The Founding Fathers of Science Education|verk=New Scientists|besøksdato=2011-09-15|språk=engelsk|url-status=yes}}</ref>

<ref name="Chrono">{{Kilde www|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/chronology_venus.html|tittel=Chronology of Venus Exploration|utgiver=NASA|besøksdato=2011-07-10|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Colin1977">{{Cite journal|author=Colin, L.; Hall, C.|year=1977|title=The Pioneer Venus Program|volume=20|issue=3|pages=283–306|journal=Space Science Reviews|bibcode=1977SSRv...20..283C|doi=10.1007/BF02186467|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="compare">{{Kilde www|tittel=Space Topics: Compare the Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, The Moon, and Mars |utgiver=Planetary Society |url=http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/compare_the_planets/terrestrial.html |besøksdato=2011-06-28 |språk=engelsk |arkiv_url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060902180515/http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/compare_the_planets/terrestrial.html |arkivdato=2006-09-02 |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="Correia2003_1">{{Cite journal|author=Correia, Alexandre C. M.; Laskar, Jacques; de Surgy, Olivier Néron|title=Long-term evolution of the spin of Venus I. theory|journal=Icarus|volume=163|issue=1|pages=1–23|year=2003|month=mai|url=http://www.imcce.fr/Equipes/ASD/preprints/prep.2002/venus1.2002.pdf|format=PDF|doi=10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00042-3|bibcode=2003Icar..163....1C|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Correia2003_2">{{Cite journal|author=Correia, A. C. M.; Laskar, J.|year=2003|title=Long-term evolution of the spin of Venus: II. numerical simulations|journal=Icarus|volume=163|issue=1|pages=24–45|url=http://www.imcce.fr/Equipes/ASD/preprints/prep.2002/venus2.2002.pdf|format=PDF|doi=10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00043-5|bibcode=2003Icar..163...24C|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Dagslys">{{Kilde www|url=http://www.thesco.org/blog/rijo/91/374|tittel=Levende astrologi - hva skjer på himmelen|besøksdato=2011-07-06|arkiv-dato=2020-05-24|arkiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524102117/http://www.thesco.org/blog/rijo/91/374|url-status=død}}</ref>

<ref name="daviddarling">{{Kilde www|url=http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/V/Venusatmos.html|tittel=Atmosphere of Venus|verk=The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflght|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk|arkiv-dato=2019-04-02|arkiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402130541/http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/V/Venusatmos.html|url-status=død}}</ref>

<ref name="Davies1994">{{Cite journal|author=Davies, M.E. ''et al.''|title=Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites|journal=Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy|volume=63|issue=2|year=1994|doi=10.1007/BF00693410|page=127|bibcode=1996CeMDA..63..127D|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Dolginov1969">Dolginov (1969), «Nature of the Magnetic Field in the Neighborhood of Venus», ''Cosmic Research''</ref>

<ref name="Dunne1978">{{Cite journal|author=Dunne, J.; Burgess, E.|title=The Voyage of Mariner 10|publisher=NASA|year=1978|version=SP-424|url=http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19780019203_1978019203.pdf|format=PDF|besøksdato=2011-07-11|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Ellenberger">{{Cite journal|author=Ellenberger, C. Leroy|date=vinteren 1984|title=Worlds in Collision in Macmillan's Catalogues|journal=Kronos|volume=9|issue=2|url=http://www.catastrophism.com/cdrom/pubs/journals/kronos/vol0902/index.htm|accessdate=2011-07-13|language=engelsk}} De 20 ukene på topp som Juergens i The Velikovsky Affair hevder er ikke riktige.</ref>

<ref name="Eshleman1969">{{Cite journal|author=Eshleman, V.; Fjeldbo, G.|title=The atmosphere of Venus as studied with the Mariner 5 dual radio-frequency occultation experiment|publisher=NASA|year=1969|version=SU-SEL-69-003|url=http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19690011426_1969011426.pdf|language=engelsk|format=PDF}}</ref> 

<ref name="ephemeris">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Espenak, Fred|utgivelsesdato=1996|url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/TYPE/venus2.html#ve2006|tittel=Venus: Twelve year planetary ephemeris, 1995–2006|verk=NASA Reference Publication 1349|utgiver=NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Eric2007">{{Cite journal|first=Eric|last=Hand |year=2007|title=European mission reports from Venus|month=november|journal=Nature|issue=450|pages=633–660|doi=10.1038/news.2007.297|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Espenak2004">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Espenak, Fred|utgivelsesår=2004|url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/transit/catalog/VenusCatalog.html|tittel=Transits of Venus, Six Millennium Catalog: 2000 BCE to 4000 CE|verk=Transits of the Sun|utgiver=NASA|besøksdato=2011-07-10|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Esposito1984">{{Cite journal|first=Larry W.|last=Esposito|date=1984-03-09|title=Sulfur Dioxide: Episodic Injection Shows Evidence for Active Venus Volcanism|journal=Science|volume=223|issue=4640|pages=1072–1074|doi=10.1126/science.223.4640.1072|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/223/4640/1072|accessdate=2011-06-28|pmid=17830154|bibcode = 1984Sci...223.1072E|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="goettel">{{Cite conference|last=Goettel|first=K. A.|coauthors=Shields, J. A.; Decker, D. A.|title=Density constraints on the composition of Venus|booktitle=Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference|publisher=Pergamon Press| location=Houston, TX|date=16.–20. mars 1981|pages=1507–1516|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982LPSC...12.1507G|accessdate=2011-06-28|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Glaze1999">{{Cite journal|last=Glaze|first=L. S.|year=1999|title=Transport of SO2 by explosive volcanism on Venus|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=104|issue=E8|pages=18899–18906|doi=10.1029/1998JE000619|bibcode=1999JGR...10418899G|url=http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1999/1998JE000619.shtml|accessdate=2011-06-28|language=engelsk|archivedate=2009-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213135800/http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1999/1998JE000619.shtml}}</ref>

<ref name="Gold1969">{{Cite journal|author=Gold, T.; Soter, S.|year=1969|title=Atmospheric tides and the resonant rotation of Venus|journal=Icarus|volume=11|issue=3|pages=356–366|doi=10.1016/0019-1035(69)90068-2|bibcode=1969Icar...11..356G|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Goldstein">{{Cite journal|title=Theory and Observation in Medieval Astronomy|first=Bernard R.|last=Goldstein|journal=Isis|volume=63|issue=1|date=mars 1972|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pages=39–47 [44]|doi=10.1086/350839|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Godstein1963">{{Cite journal|author=Goldstein, R. M.; Carpenter, R. L.|year=1963|title=Rotation of Venus: Period Estimated from Radar Measurements|journal=Science|volume=139|pages=910–911|doi=10.1126/science.139.3558.910|pmid=17743054|issue=3558|bibcode = 1963Sci...139..910G|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="GRCTR">{{Kilde www|tittel=Atmospheric Flight on Venus|verk=NASA Glenn Research Center Technical Reports|url=http://gltrs.grc.nasa.gov/Citations.aspx?id=1568|besøksdato=2011-07-09|språk=engelsk|url-status=død|arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720022756/http://gltrs.grc.nasa.gov/Citations.aspx?id=1568|arkivdato=2011-07-20}}</ref>

<ref name="Hashimoto2008">{{Cite journal|author=Hashimoto, G. L.; Roos-Serote, M.; Sugita, S.; Gilmore, M. S.; Kamp, L. W.; Carlson, R. W.; Baines, K. H.|title=Felsic highland crust on Venus suggested by Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research, Planets|year=2008|volume=113|doi=10.1029/2008JE003134|pages=E00B24|bibcode=2008JGRE..11300B24H|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Herrick1993">{{Cite journal|last=Herrick|first=R. R.|coauthors=Phillips, R. J.|year=1993|title=Effects of the Venusian atmosphere on incoming meteoroids and the impact crater population|journal=Icarus|volume=112|issue=1|pages=253–281|doi=10.1006/icar.1994.1180|bibcode=1994Icar..112..253H|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Hornsby1771">{{Cite journal|last=Hornsby|first=T.|year=1771|title=The quantity of the Sun's parallax, as deduced from the observations of the transit of Venus on June 3, 1769|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society|volume=61|issue=0|pages=574–579|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k55866b/f617.chemindefer|doi=10.1098/rstl.1771.0054|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Hussey1832">{{Cite journal|last=Hussey|first=T.|year=1832|title=On the Rotation of Venus|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=2|pages=78–126|bibcode=1832MNRAS...2...78H|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="iauwg_ccrsps2000">{{Kilde www|tittel=Report on the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements of the planets and satellites|utgiver=International Astronomical Union|utgivelsesdato=2000|url=http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk|arkiv-dato=2018-12-26|arkiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226062355/http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm%0A%20|url-status=død}}</ref>

<ref name="icarus202">{{Cite journal|author=Sheppard, Scott S.; Trujillo, Chadwick A.|title=A survey for satellites of Venus|journal=Icarus|volume=202|issue=1|month=juli|year=2009|pages =12–16|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.008|bibcode=2009Icar..202...12S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="JAXA">{{Kilde www|tittel=Venus Climate Orbiter «PLANET-C»|verk=JAXA|url=http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/planet_c/index_e.html|besøksdato=2011-07-08|språk=engelsk|arkiv-dato=2012-04-11|arkiv-url=https://www.webcitation.org/66pe8RvRF?url=http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/planet_c/index_e.html|url-status=død}}</ref>

<ref name="JPL1962">{{Cite journal|author=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|title=Mariner-Venus 1962 Final Project Report|publisher=NASA|year=1962|version=SP-59|url=http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660005413_1966005413.pdf|language=engelsk|format=PDF}}</ref>

<ref name="JPL-Horizons">{{Kilde www|utgivelsesdato=2006-02-27|tittel=HORIZONS Web-Interface for Venus (Major Body=299)|utgiver=JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=mb&sstr=299|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk|kommentar=Ved å bruke JPL Horizons kan du se at Venus til ha en tilsynelatende størrelsesklasse på -4.89 den 8. desember 2013.}}</ref>

<ref name="jpl-magellan">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Young, C.|url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide.html|tittel=The Magellan Venus Explorer's Guide|verk=JPL Publication 90-24|utgiver=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|utgivelsessted=California|dato=august 1990}}</ref>

<ref name="jpl-nasa">{{Kilde www|url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide8.html|tittel=The Magellan Venus Explorer's Guide|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="JPLU1994">{{Kilde www|tittel=Magellan begins termination activities|verk=JPL Universe|utgivelsesdato=1994-09-09|url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/status940909.html|besøksdato=2011-07-06|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Kivelson1995">{{Cite journal|author=Kivelson G. M., Russell, C. T.|title=Introduction to Space Physics|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1995|isbn=0521457149|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Konopliv1996">{{Cite journal|author=Konopliv, A. S.; Yoder, C. F.|title=Venusian ''k''<sub>2</sub> tidal Love number from Magellan and PVO tracking data|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=23|issue=14|pages=1857–1860|url=http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1996/96GL01589.shtml|accessdate=2009-07-12|doi=10.1029/96GL01589|year=1996|bibcode=1996GeoRL..23.1857K|language=engelsk|archivedate=2011-05-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512154523/http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1996/96GL01589.shtml}}</ref>

<ref name="Krasnopolsky">{{Cite journal|title=Chemical composition of the atmosphere of Venus|author=Krasnopolsky, V. A.; Parshev, V. A.|journal=Nature|volume=292|issue=5824|pages=610–613|year=1981|doi=10.1038/292610a0|bibcode=1981Natur.292..610K|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Krystek">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Krystek, Lee|url=http://www.unmuseum.org/ifonat.htm|tittel=Natural Identified Flying Objects|utgiver=The Unngatural Museum|besøksdato=2011-07-02|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Landis2003">{{Cite conference |first=Geoffrey A. |last=Landis |url=http://link.aip.org/link/?APCPCS/654/1193/1 |title=Colonization of Venus |booktitle=AIP Conference Proceedings |volume=654 |issue=1 |pages=1193–1198 |doi=10.1063/1.1541418 |year=2003 |language=engelsk |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120711103532/http://link.aip.org/link/?APCPCS/654/1193/1 |archivedate=2012-07-11 |tittel=Arkivert kopi |besøksdato=2008-07-20 |arkivurl=https://archive.today/20120711103532/http://link.aip.org/link/?APCPCS/654/1193/1 |arkivdato=2012-07-11 |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="Landis2006">G. A. Landis, «Robotic Exploration of the Surface and Atmosphere of Venus», paper IAC-04-Q.2.A.08, ''Acta Astronautica, utg. 59'', 7, 517-580 (oktober 2006). Se [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/vexag/may2008/presentations/19Landis.mov animasjon]</ref>

<ref name="Leadbeater">{{Kilde www|url=http://www.anandgholap.net/Masters_And_Path-CWL.htm|forfatter=Leadbeater, C.W.|tittel=The Masters and the Path|utgivelsessted=Adyar, Madras, India|utgiver=1925—Theosophical Publishing House|kommentar=I denne boken er Sanat Kumara referert til som «Lord of the World»|språk=engelsk|besøksdato=2011-07-13|url-status=død|arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723014233/http://www.anandgholap.net/Masters_And_Path-CWL.htm|arkivdato=2011-07-23}}</ref>

<ref name="Linkin1985">{{Cite journal|author=Linkin, V.; Blamont, J.; Preston, R.|title=The Vega Venus Balloon experiment|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|year=1985|volume=17|page=722|bibcode=1985BAAS...17..722L|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Lorenz2001">{{Kilde www|tittel=Titan, Mars and Earth: Entropy Production by Latitudinal Heat Transport|forfatter=Lorenz, Ralph D.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Withers, Paul G.; McKay, Christopher P.|utgiver=Ames Research Center, University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory|url=http://sirius.bu.edu/withers/pppp/pdf/mepgrl2001.pdf|utgivelsesår=2001|besøksdato=2011-06-29|format=PDF|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Lyons1995">{{Cite journal|author=Lyons, Daniel T.; Saunders, R. Stephen; Griffith, Douglas G.|title=The Magellan Venus mapping mission: Aerobraking operations|journal=Acta Astronautica|volume=35|issue=9–11|date=mai–juni 1995|pages=669–676|doi=10.1016/0094-5765(95)00032-U|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref Name="MallamaSky">{{Cite journal|author=Mallama, A.|title=Planetary magnitudes|journal=Sky and Telescope|volume=121(1)|pages=51–56|year=2011|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref Name="MallamaVenus">{{Cite journal|author=Mallama, A.; Wang, D.; Howard, R.A.|title=Venus phase function and forward scattering from H2SO4|journal=Icarus|volume=182|issue=1|pages=10–22|year=2006|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2005.12.014|bibcode=2006Icar..182...10M|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Marov2004">{{Cite conference|last=Marov|first=Mikhail Ya.| editor=D.W. Kurtz|title=Mikhail Lomonosov and the discovery of the atmosphere of Venus during the 1761 transit|journal=Proceedings of IAU Colloquium #196|location=Preston, U.K.|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005tvnv.conf..209M|year=2004| pages=209–219|publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/S1743921305001390|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="meanplane">{{Kilde www|utgivelsesdato=2009-04-03 |tittel=The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter |url=http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif |besøksdato=2011-06-14 |språk=engelsk |kommentar=Produsert med [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10], skrevet av Aldo Vitagliano |arkiv_url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420194536/http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif |arkivdato=2009-04-20 |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="MESSENGER">{{Kilde www|tittel=Timeline|verk=MESSENGER|url=http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/the_mission/MESSENGERTimeline/TimeLine_content.html|besøksdato=2011-07-07|språk=engelsk|url-status=død|arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513092921/http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/the_mission/MESSENGERTimeline/TimeLine_content.html|arkivdato=2013-05-13}}</ref>

<ref name="Mikkola2002">{{Cite journal|author=Mikkola, S.; Brasser, R.; Wiegert, P.; Innanen, K.|title=Asteroid 2002 VE68, a quasi-satellite of Venus|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=351|issue=3|page=L63|month=juli|year=2004|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07994.x|bibcode=2004MNRAS.351L..63M|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="mitchell_1">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Mitchell, Don|utgivelsesår=2003|verk=The Soviet Exploration of Venus|tittel=Inventing The Interplanetary Probe|url=http://www.mentallandscape.com/V_OKB1.htm|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="mitchell_2">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Mitchell, Don|utgivelsesår=2003|verk=The Soviet Exploration of Venus|tittel=Plumbing the Atmosphere of Venus|url=http://www.mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin1.htm|besøksdato=2011-07-04|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="mitchell_3">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Mitchell, Don|verk=The Soviet Exploration of Venus|tittel=First Pictures of the Surface of Venus|utgivelsesår=2003|url= http://www.mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin2.htm|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="mitchell_4">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Mitchell, Don|utgivelsesår=2003|verk=The Soviet Exploration of Venus|tittel=Drilling into the Surface of Venus|url=http://www.mentallandscape.com/V_Venera11.htm|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Moshkin">{{Cite journal|title=Dust on the surface of Venus|author=Moshkin, B. E.; Ekonomov, A. P.; Golovin Iu. M.|journal=Kosmicheskie Issledovaniia (Cosmic Research)|volume=17|pages=280–285|year=1979|bibcode=1979CoRe...17..232M|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Musser1994">{{Cite news|publisher=Scientific American|date=31. oktober 1994|title=Double Impact May Explain Why Venus Has No Moon|author=Musser, George |url=http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=0008DCD1-0A66-152C-8A6683414B7F0000&ref=sciam|accessdate=2007-08-03}}</ref>

<ref name="NAoS1969">{{Cite conference|title=Report on the Activities of the COSPAR Working Group VII|page=94|date=11.–24. mai 1969|location=Prague, Czechoslovakia|booktitle=Preliminary Report, COSPAR Twelfth Plenary Meeting and Tenth International Space Science Symposium|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Nicholson1961">{{Cite journal|last=Nicholson|first=Seth B.|year=1961|title=The Trojan Asteroids|journal=Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets|volume=8|page=239|bibcode=1961ASPL....8..239N|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="nimmo02">{{Cite journal|first=Francis|last=Nimmo|year=2002|title=Why does Venus lack a magnetic field?|journal=Geology|volume=30|issue=11|month=november|pages=987–990|url=http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~nimmo/website/paper25.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-06-28|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0987:WDVLAM>2.0.CO;2|issn=0091-7613|bibcode = 2002Geo....30..987N|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Nimmo98">{{Cite journal|author=Nimmo, F.; McKenzie, D.|title=Volcanism and Tectonics on Venus|journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences|volume=26|issue=1|pages=23–53|year=1998|doi=10.1146/annurev.earth.26.1.23|bibcode=1998AREPS..26...23N|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Nimmo2002">{{Cite journal|author=Nimmo, F.|year=2002|title=Crustal analysis of Venus from [[Magellan (romsonde)|Magellan]] satellite observations at Atalanta Planitia, Beta Regio, and Thetis Regio|journal=Geology|volume=30|issue=11|pages=987–990|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0987:WDVLAM>2.0.CO;2|issn=0091-7613|bibcode = 2002Geo....30..987N|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="nineplanets">{{Kilde www|tittel=Planetary linguistics|utgiver=nineplanets.org|url=http://nineplanets.org/days.html|besøksdato=2010-04-08|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Norris2004">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Norris, Ray P. |sider=1–4 |tittel=Searching for the Astronomy of Aboriginal Australians |verk=Conference Proceedings |utgivelsesår=2004 |utgiver=Australia Telescope National Facility |url=http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/literature/Norris2007b.pdf |format=PDF |besøksdato=2011-07-20 |språk=engelsk |arkiv_url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512174226/http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/literature/Norris2007b.pdf |arkivdato=2011-05-12 |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="nssdc">{{Kilde www|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html|tittel=Venus Fact Sheet|utgiver=NASA|forfatter=Williams, David R.|utgivelsesdato=2018-09-27|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Otten">{{Kilde www|tittel="Heavy metal" snow on Venus is lead sulfide|forfatter=Otten, Carolyn Jones|utgiver=Washington University in St Louis|url=http://news-info.wustl.edu/news/page/normal/633.html|utgivelsesår=2004|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Romeo2009">{{Cite journal|author=Romeo, I.; Turcotte, D. L.|year=2009|title=The frequency-area distribution of volcanic units on Venus: Implications for planetary resurfacing|journal=Icarus|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2009.03.036|volume=203|issue=1|page=13|bibcode=2009Icar..203...13R|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Ross1928">{{Cite journal|last=Ross|first=F. E.|year=1928|title=Photographs of Venus|volume=68–92|journal=Astrophysical Journal|page=57|doi =10.1086/143130|bibcode=1928ApJ....68...57R|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Rossow1990">{{Cite journal|title=Cloud-tracked winds from Pioneer Venus OCPP images|author=W. B., Rossow; A. D., del Genio; T., Eichler|journal=Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences|volume=47|issue=17|pages=2053–2084|year=1990|doi=10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047<2053:CTWFVO>2.0.CO;2|url=http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0469%281990%29047%3C2053%3ACTWFVO%3E2.0.CO%3B2|format=PDF|issn=1520-0469|bibcode = 1990JAtS...47.2053R|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Russel1899">{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=H. N.|year=1899|title=The Atmosphere of Venus|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_1899-04_9_4/page/n93|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=9|pages=284–299|doi=10.1086/140593|bibcode=1899ApJ.....9..284R|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Russell2007">{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=S. T.|coauthors=Zhang, T.L.; Delva, M.; ''et al.''|title=Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere|journal=Nature|year=2007|volume=450|pages=661–662|doi=10.1038/nature05930|pmid=18046401|issue=7170|bibcode=2007Natur.450..661R|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="S-Ragep">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Ibn Sīnā: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbdallāh ibn Sīnā|author=Sally P. Ragep|editor=Thomas Hockey|encyclopedia=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|year=2007|pages=570–572|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Sachs1974">{{Cite journal|last=Sachs|first=A.|year=1974|title=Babylonian Observational Astronomy|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|volume=276|issue=1257|pages=43–50|doi=10.1098/rsta.1974.0008|bibcode=1974RSPTA.276...43S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Sagdeev">{{Cite journal|title=The VEGA Venus Balloon Experiment|author=Sagdeev, R. Z.; Linkin, V. M.; Blamont, J. E.; Preston, R.A.|journal=Science|volume=231|pages=1407–1408|year=1986|doi=10.1126/science.231.4744.1407|pmid=17748079|issue=4744|jstor=1696342|bibcode = 1986Sci...231.1407S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Sagdeev2008">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Sagdeev, Roald; Eisenhower, Susan|andre=Logsdon, John|utgivelsesdato=2008-05-28|tittel=United States-Soviet Space Cooperation during the Cold War|url=http://www.nasa.gov/50th/50th_magazine/coldWarCoOp.html|besøksdato=2011-07-04|språk=engelsk|arkiv-dato=2018-12-25|arkiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225032051/https://www.nasa.gov/50th/50th_magazine/coldWarCoOp.html|url-status=yes}}</ref>

<ref name="SAGE">{{Kilde www|url=http://sagemission.jpl.nasa.gov/|tittel=SAGE|utgiver=NASA/JPL|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk|url-status=død|arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721050540/http://sagemission.jpl.nasa.gov/|arkivdato=2011-07-21}}</ref>

<ref name="Schmidt">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Schmidt, Hanns-Peter |tittel=MITHRA |verk=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |utgiver=senter for iranske studier, Columbia University |url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/ |besøksdato=2011-07-20 |arkiv_url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712124138/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/ |arkivdato=2008-07-12 |språk=engelsk |url-status=død }}</ref>

<ref name="science328">{{Cite journal|author=Normile, Dennis|title=Mission to probe Venus's curious winds and test solar sail for propulsion|journal=Science|page=677|issue=5979|volume=328|date=2010-05-07|pmid=20448159|doi=10.1126/science.328.5979.677-a|bibcode=2010Sci...328..677N|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Seidelmann2007">{{Cite journal|last=Seidelmann| first=P. Kenneth|coauthors=Archinal, B. A.; A’hearn, M. F.; ''et al.''|title=Report of the IAU/IAGWorking Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006|journal=Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy|volume=90|issue=3|pages=155–180|year=2007|doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007CeMDA..98..155S|accessdate=2007-08-28|bibcode=2007CeMDA..98..155S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Slipher1903">{{Cite journal|last=Slipher|first=V. M.|year=1903|title=A Spectrographic Investigation of the Rotation Velocity of Venus|journal=Astronomische Nachrichten|volume=163|issue=3–4|page=35|bibcode=1903AN....163...35S|doi=10.1002/asna.19031630303|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="solarwind">{{Kilde www|utgivelsesdato=2007-11-28|tittel=Caught in the wind from the Sun|utgiver=ESA (Venus Express)|url= http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Venus_Express/SEM0G373R8F_0.html|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="solex">{{Kilde www |tittel=Solex by Aldo Vitagliano |url=http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ |besøksdato=2011-06-30 |språk=engelsk |kommentar=Nummer generert av Solex |url-status=død |arkivurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gOzK38bc?url=http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ |arkivdato=2009-04-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="Staff2007">{{Kilde avis|forfatter=Staff|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7117303.stm|tittel=Venus offers Earth climate clues|besøksdato=2011-06-29|verk=BBC News|dato=2007-11-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Stearn1968">{{Cite journal|first=William|last=Stearn|year=1968|title=The Origin of the Male and Female Symbols of Biology|journal=Taxon|volume=11|issue=4|month=mai|pages=109–113|doi=10.2307/1217734|jstor=1217734|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Stevenson2002">{{Cite journal|last=Stevenson|first=D. J.|title=Planetary magnetic fields|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|volume=208|issue=1–2|pages=1–11|doi=10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01126-3|date=2003-03-15|bibcode=2003E&PSL.208....1S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Strom1994">{{Cite journal|last=Strom|first=R. G.|coauthors=Schaber, G. G.; Dawsow, D. D.|year=1994 |title=The global resurfacing of Venus|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=99|issue=E5|pages=10899–10926|doi=10.1029/94JE00388|bibcode=1994JGR....9910899S|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Temp">{{Kilde www|url=http://filer.case.edu/sjr16/advanced/venus.html|tittel=Venus|utgiver=Case Western Reserve University|utgivelsesdato=2006-09-14|besøksdato=2011-06-29|språk=engelsk|url-status=død|arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911091043/http://filer.case.edu/sjr16/advanced/venus.html|arkivdato=2009-09-11}}</ref>

<ref name="Tytell2006">{{Cite news|last=Tytell |first=David |publisher=SkyandTelescope.com |date=10. oktober 2006 |title=Why Doesn't Venus Have a Moon? |url=http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/home/4353026.html |accessdate=2007-08-03 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120530021412/http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/home/4353026.html |archivedate=2012-05-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="Upadhyay1995">{{Cite journal|author=Upadhyay, H. O.; Singh, R. N.|title=Cosmic ray Ionization of Lower Venus Atmosphere|month=april|year=1995|journal=Advances in Space Research|volume=15|issue=4|pages=99–108|doi=10.1016/0273-1177(94)00070-H|bibcode = 1995AdSpR..15...99U|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="usgs">{{Kilde www|url=http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/WGCCRE/constants/iau2000_table1.html|tittel=USGS Astrogeology: Rotation and pole position for the Sun and planets (IAU WGCCRE)|besøksdato=2011-06-28|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Venus Express">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/11/28/venus.lightning.ap/index.html |title=Venus also zapped by lightning |publisher=CNN |date=2007-11-29 |accessdate=2011-06-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071130201237/http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/11/28/venus.lightning.ap/index.html |archivedate=2007-11-30 |language=engelsk |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="Venus Express2">{{Kilde www|tittel=Venus Express|verk=ESA Portal|utgiver=Den europeiske romfartsorganisasjon|url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Venus_Express/index.html|besøksdato=2011-07-08|språk=engelsk}}</ref> 

<ref name="Venusomatic">{{Kilde www|url=http://www.cardiacengineering.com/venus/|tittel=Venusomatic|utgiver=Art Wallace|besøksdato=2011-09-20|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Verhag2000">{{Cite journal|last=Verhaag|first=G.|year=2000|title=Letters to the Editor: Cross-cultural astronomy|journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association|volume=110|issue=1|page=49|bibcode=2000JBAA..110...49V|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Vladimir">{{Cite journal|title=Chemical composition of Venus atmosphere and clouds: Some unsolved problems|first=Vladimir A.|last=Krasnopolsky|year=2006|journal=Planetary and Space Science|volume=54|issue=13–14|pages=1352–1359|doi=10.1016/j.pss.2006.04.019|bibcode=2006P&SS...54.1352K|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Williams2005">{{Kilde www|forfatter=Williams, David R.|utgivelsesdato=2005-01-06|tittel=Pioneer Venus Project Information|utgiver=NASA Goddard Space Flight Center|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/pioneer_venus.html|besøksdato=2011-07-11|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Withman2006">{{Kilde www|utgiver=Aerospaceweb.org|forfatter=Whitman, Justine|tittel=Moon Motion & Tides|url=http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/astronomy/q0262.shtml|utgivelsesdato=2006-02-19|besøksdato=2011-06-30|språk=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Woolley1969">{{Cite journal|first=Richard|last=Woolley|year=1969|title=Captain Cook and the Transit of Venus of 1769|journal=Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London|volume=24|issue=1|pages=19–32|doi=10.1098/rsnr.1969.0004|issn=0035-9149|jstor=530738|language=engelsk}}</ref>

<ref name="Young1990">{{Kilde www|redaktør=Carolynn Young|tittel==Chapter 8, What's in a Name?|verk==The Magellan Venus Explorer's Guide|utgiver==NASA/JPL|url=http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide8.html|besøksdato=2011-07-09|språk=engelsk|dato=august 1990}}</ref>

<ref name="årstid">{{Kilde www|tittel=Interplanetary Seasons |verk=NASA |url=http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/interplanetaryseasons.html |besøksdato=2011-06-29 |språk=engelsk |url-status=død |arkivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016161443/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/interplanetaryseasons.html |arkivdato=2007-10-16 }}</ref>
</references>